Glucose is the major source of energy in the body. Measurement of glucose in serum/plasma is the most frequently performed test in clinical laboratories and is primarily run to aid in the diagnosis of diabetes. Lack of insulin or resistance to it section at the cellular level causes diabetes.

Therefore, the blood glucose levels are very high. Elevated serum glucose levels are observed in diabetes mellitus and may be associated with pancreatitis, pituitary or thyroid dysfunction and liver disease.

Hypoglycaemia occurs most frequently due to over dosage of insulin. It is also observed in other conditions like hypothyroidism and hypo pituitarism.